Vol. 4 No. 1 (2023): January to March

View Vol. 4 No. 1 (2023): January to March
Published: 2023-01-01

Articles

  • Investigation of Teachers’ Competencies through National Professional Standards for Teachers in Pakistan

    Shamim Ullah, Sohail Mazhar, Dr. Muhammad Iqbal
    01-13
    2023-01-03
    Abstract Views: 914
    PDF Downloads: 1353
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)01

  • A Holistic Approach towards Divinity in the World

    Syed Ali Abidi, Dr. Muhammad Jamil
    14-27
    2023-01-04
    Abstract Views: 522
    PDF Downloads: 511
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)02

  • Corpus based Investigation of Gender Representation in Education: A Content Analysis of Pakistani and Indian High Secondary Schools’ Text Books

    Ayesha Saher, Rashid Mehmood, Aqlimia Farhad
    28-35
    2023-01-06
    Abstract Views: 925
    PDF Downloads: 779
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)03

  • Roshan Digital Account: A Digital Innovation in Pakistan and its Impact on Customers’ Satisfaction

    Muhammad Mubashir Hussain, Zunaira Amin, Nosheen Rasool
    36-52
    2023-01-06
    Abstract Views: 1018
    PDF Downloads: 1180
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)04

  • Towards Modern South-Asia: China-Pakistan Economic Corridor its Components, Challenges and Opportunities

    Dr. Imran Ali, Muhammad Faisal Nadeem, Dr. Muhammad Aslam
    53-67
    2023-01-07
    Abstract Views: 1001
    PDF Downloads: 791
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)05

  • An Analysis of Isma Pasha’s and Parvaiz Pasha’s Character Speeches in “Home Fire” A Comparative Pragma Stylistic Study

    Dr. Muhammad Akram, Dr. Samina Sarwat, Zaib-un-Nisa
    68-81
    2023-01-10
    Abstract Views: 828
    PDF Downloads: 804
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)06

  • Effect of Autonomous Learning on University Students’ Academic Motivation

    Asad Ali Manzoor, Ghulam Dastgir, Muhammad Waqas
    82-92
    2023-01-13
    Abstract Views: 1388
    PDF Downloads: 954
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)07

  • Digital Governance Initiatives in Pakistan to Combat COVID-19: Current Developments and Challenges for a Sustainable Future

    Dr. Aisha Rizwan
    93-101
    2023-01-26
    Abstract Views: 1049
    PDF Downloads: 1370
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)08

  • Impact of Ambidextrous Leadership on Innovative Work Behavior: Mediating Role of Individual Ambidexterity

    Irum Jabeen, Dr. Hafsah Zahur, Nargis Noor Jalalzai
    102-112
    2023-01-27
    Abstract Views: 1116
    PDF Downloads: 1220
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)09

  • Effects of Slacktivism on Offline Engagement: Appraising the Role of Political Facebook Memes As a Communication Tool for Young Consumers in Pakistan

    Javeria Nazeer, Dr. Ayesha Ashfaq
    113-123
    2023-01-29
    Abstract Views: 1881
    PDF Downloads: 1294
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)10

  • Moderating Effect of Self-Esteem on Cosmetic Advertisement and Purchasing Behavior of Young Adolescents

    Adeela Rehman, Atif Ur Rahman, Dawra
    124-131
    2023-01-31
    Abstract Views: 1479
    PDF Downloads: 1040
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)11

  • Debt Capital, Default Risk and Financial Performance of Firms

    Syed Tanveer Hussain Shah Bukhari, Dr. Ghulam Mujtaba Chaudhary, Dr. Nazakat Hussain
    132-139
    2023-01-31
    Abstract Views: 523
    PDF Downloads: 441
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)12

  • Determinants of Rural Women’ Healthcare Behavior in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

    Shaista Naz, Oqba Khan, Muhammad Azam
    140-148
    2023-02-09
    Abstract Views: 752
    PDF Downloads: 713
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)13

  • Impact of Corruption on Economic Growth in Pakistan: An Analysis

    Ayesha Ishfaq, Muhammad Waqas
    149-158
    2023-02-10
    Abstract Views: 2071
    PDF Downloads: 3017
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)14

  • Jirga: A Historical Institute

    Prof. Dr Gul Hasan, Ali Azeem, Dr. Jalal Faiz
    159-168
    2023-02-12
    Abstract Views: 969
    PDF Downloads: 2041
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)15

  • Relationship between Perceived Coolness and Brand Equity: A Mediating Role of Brand Love and Moderating Role of Self-Image Congruence

    Javeria Hassan Khan, Dr. Sadaf Kashif
    169-182
    2023-02-12
    Abstract Views: 1759
    PDF Downloads: 2179
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)16

  • Relationship among Safety, Quality and Productivity in Construction Projects

    Asfandiyar, Dr. Shahan Mehmood Cheema
    183-193
    2023-02-17
    Abstract Views: 1608
    PDF Downloads: 2242
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)17

  • The Mediating Impact of Organizational Culture on the Association between Performance Management and Employee Retention in Private Commercial Banks of Pakistan

    M. Rafique Shaikh, Dr. Raheem Bux Soomro
    194-203
    2023-02-18
    Abstract Views: 717
    PDF Downloads: 617
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)18

  • Exploring the Role of E-Governance in the Economic Performance of Pakistan under Covid-19

    Syed Kafait Hussain Naqvi, Muhammad Luqman, Gohar Khan
    194-203
    2023-02-18
    Abstract Views: 573
    PDF Downloads: 577
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)19

  • Role of Media in enhancing Pro-Environmental Knowledge, Attitude and Behavior

    Qurat-ul-Ain Malik , Hayam Qayyoum , Amna Hameed
    214-223
    2023-02-28
    Abstract Views: 703
    PDF Downloads: 1065
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)20

  • Integrating Sustainability into Construction Engineering Projects: Perspective of Sustainable Project Planning

    Muhammad Ali, Muhammad Ghiyas Ud Din, Shahan Mehmood Cheema
    224-236
    2023-03-01
    Abstract Views: 1501
    PDF Downloads: 1535
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)21

  • Experimental Evidence of Syllabification of /sC/-Clusters at Onset Position by Kashmiri Speakers in Pakistani English

    Shahid Hussain Mir, Dr. Ayaz Afsar
    237-247
    2023-03-01
    Abstract Views: 471
    PDF Downloads: 388
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)22

  • Evaluating the User Experience of a Gamification-Based Moodle LMS

    Jamil Ahmed Baloch, Anum Naz, Syeda Hira Fatima Naqvi
    248-260
    2023-03-02
    Abstract Views: 715
    PDF Downloads: 865
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)23

  • Antecedents and Consequences of Sustainable Career: A Conceptual Model

    Ammara Akram, Ibne Hassan, Asif Yaseen
    261-272
    2023-03-04
    Abstract Views: 643
    PDF Downloads: 939
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)24

  • Decentralization in Education System: Outcomes and Challenges

    Mukhtiar Ahmed Arain, Prof. Dr. Razia Fakir
    273-279
    2023-03-04
    Abstract Views: 939
    PDF Downloads: 727
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)25

  • Laws against Domestic Violence in Pakistan: An Appraisal

    Muhammad Hassan Zia, Huma Hassan
    280-290
    2023-03-31
    Abstract Views: 856
    PDF Downloads: 4895
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)26

  • Translating the Role of Servant Leaders into Organizational Change Management: Mediating Role of Knowledge Sharing

    Aiza Saeed, Labiba Sheikh, Wasim ul Reham
    291-301
    2023-03-31
    Abstract Views: 448
    PDF Downloads: 757
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)27

  • Effectiveness of Methods for Selection and Recruitment: Evidence from Construction Industry of Pakistan

    Tasawar Hussain, Faryad Hussain, Shahan Mehmood Cheema
    302-312
    2023-03-31
    Abstract Views: 798
    PDF Downloads: 1549
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)28

  • Remittances and Female Financial Inclusion: A Global Perspective

    Dr. Saqib Bashir, Dr. Aamir Nawaz, Sana Nigar Ayesha
    314-329
    2023-03-31
    Abstract Views: 426
    PDF Downloads: 397
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)29

  • State of Access to Quality Education among Female Learners at Secondary Education Level in District Okara

    Sumera Tul Hasan, Maryam Naeem, Huma Naeem
    329-337
    2023-03-31
    Abstract Views: 500
    PDF Downloads: 522
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)30

  • A comparative study of Chinese and Pakistan ceramics commercialization: A case study of Gujrat Pakistan

    Qu Qiumei
    338-350
    2023-03-31
    Abstract Views: 543
    PDF Downloads: 1061
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)31

  • Removing Barriers for the out of School Children through E-Learning: A Study of Teachers Perspectives

    Nayab Gohar, Dr. Ghulam Fatima, Dr. Muhammad Jahanzaib
    351-358
    2023-03-31
    Abstract Views: 413
    PDF Downloads: 403
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)32

  • Pakistan Strategic Prospect with USA during PTI Government

    Kiran Rasool, Qamar Zaman Khan, Dr. Ghulam Mustafa
    359-368
    2023-03-31
    Abstract Views: 658
    PDF Downloads: 1597
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)33

  • Climate Change and its Effects on Pakistan

    Asad Raza Talpur, Jalil Ahmed, Muhammad Asim Mahar
    369-376
    2023-03-31
    Abstract Views: 1397
    PDF Downloads: 1813
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)34

  • Governance and Development: A Comparative Analysis of Administrative Models of Germany’s Hamburg State and Pakistan’s Punjab Province

    Muhammad Shahrukh, Dr. Ghulam Mustafa, Osama Sharoon
    377-394
    2023-03-31
    Abstract Views: 524
    PDF Downloads: 462
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)35

  • The Relationship Between the Intrinsic Motivation of Special Education Teachers and Their Employment Period

    Manal Rashid, Dr. Ghulam Fatima, Arooj Amanat
    395-408
    2023-03-31
    Abstract Views: 451
    PDF Downloads: 709
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)36

  • Aging Bodies with Unique Challenges: A Case of Transitioning of Transgenders as an Older in Province of Punjab, Pakistan

    Muhammad Zain ul Abidin, Muhammad Mohsin Khan, Kaleem Ullah
    409-417
    2023-03-31
    Abstract Views: 347
    PDF Downloads: 427
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)37

  • Legal and Political Dimensions of Kishanganga Hydroelectric Project Issue

    Kashif Raza, Dr. Mubeen Adnan
    418-429
    2023-03-31
    Abstract Views: 888
    PDF Downloads: 1112
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)38

  • ‘Primary School Teachers’ teaching Practices and their relevancy with Student Learning Outcomes

    Irsa Tayyab, Assad Naveed, Dr. Nazish Andleeb
    430-437
    2023-03-31
    Abstract Views: 341
    PDF Downloads: 723
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)39

  • The Impact of US Interference in the Middle East on Regional Stability and Security: A Legal Assessment

    Muhammad Ijaz Khan, Sonia Ijaz, Shireen Gul
    438-452
    2023-03-31
    Abstract Views: 557
    PDF Downloads: 2067
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)40

  • The Contributory Knowledge of Ethics with the Perspective of Employee in the Hospitality Industry of Pakistan

    Misbah Nasreen, Usama Iqbal, Dr. Imran Jamil
    463-477
    2023-03-31
    Abstract Views: 328
    PDF Downloads: 488
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)42

  • Women’s Reproductive Rights A Situational Analysis in Pakistan

    Sundus Javed, Kanwal Ejaz
    478-485
    2023-03-31
    Abstract Views: 393
    PDF Downloads: 729
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)43

  • Predictive Impact of COVID-19 Phobia and Work-Related Stress on Mental health wellbeing in Healthcare Professionals: A cross-sectional survey study in Punjab, Pakistan

    Nimra Zia, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir Idrees, Naveed Iqbal
    486-493
    2023-03-31
    Abstract Views: 391
    PDF Downloads: 277
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)44

  • Governance in Perspective of Gender Mainstreaming in Pakistan

    Dr. Salma Naz, Hajra Waheed, Iram Fatima
    494-506
    2023-03-31
    Abstract Views: 998
    PDF Downloads: 754
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)45

  • Impact of Digital media on the Sports Marketing: A Case Study of Govt. Institutes of Punjab Province

    Shamshaid Ahmed, Muhammad Hamza, Mufsceela Shareef
    507-520
    2023-03-31
    Abstract Views: 317
    PDF Downloads: 465
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)46

  • The Muslim’s Poetic Dissent of Citizenship Amendment Act 2019 and Hindu’s Sloganic Resentment: A Critical Discourse Analysis

    Abdul Waheed, Prof. Dr. Abdul Majid
    521-535
    2023-03-31
    Abstract Views: 437
    PDF Downloads: 423
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)47

  • Role of Digital Media in Disaster Management: A Case of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan

    Fahad Anis, Dr. Ayesha Ashfaq
    536-551
    2023-03-31
    Abstract Views: 1294
    PDF Downloads: 923
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)48

  • Activity Based Teaching and Science Students’ Academic Achievement at Secondary Level: An Experimental Study

    Muhammad Masood, Muhammad Ghafoor, Dr. Tasleem Ullah
    552-559
    2023-09-03
    Abstract Views: 438
    PDF Downloads: 779
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)49

  • Colonialism and Translation: A Study of Kirmani’s History of Tipu Sultan

    Sameer Ahmed, Muhammad Salman Bhatti, Shanzay Noor
    560-571
    2023-09-05
    Abstract Views: 469
    PDF Downloads: 920
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)50

  • Kashmir Issue: A Dominant Threat to Peace

    Dr. Gulshan Majeed, Dr. Samra Hameed
    572-583
    2023-03-31
    Abstract Views: 702
    PDF Downloads: 2520
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)51

  • A Critical Appraisal of the Balochistan Conundrum

    Sajjad Ali, Muhammad Huzaifa Munawer, Sardar Faizan Khalid Toor
    572-583
    2023-03-31
    Abstract Views: 984
    PDF Downloads: 656
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)52

  • Investor Sentiments Influencing Investor Decisions: The Mediating Role of Behavioral Biases

    Hani Baloch, Dr. Jameel Ahmed, Dr. Kaneez Fatima
    597-613
    2023-03-31
    Abstract Views: 794
    PDF Downloads: 777
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)53

  • Inadequate Risk Management's Impact on Construction Project Challenges

    Rehan Karim, Dr. Shahan Cheema, Muhammad Asad Mushtaq
    614-621
    2023-03-31
    Abstract Views: 1008
    PDF Downloads: 995
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)54

  • Effectiveness of Teachers’ Metacognition in Developing Conducive Classroom Learning Environment

    Muhammad Irfan Ashiq, Dr. Khalid Saleem, Dr. Muhammad Tahir Khan Farooqi
    622-635
    2023-03-31
    Abstract Views: 437
    PDF Downloads: 521
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)55

  • Teachers’ Perception regarding Character Building Practices at Elementary Level in District Bahawalnagar

    Salman Ajmal, Dr. Khadija Sittar, Dr. Sehrish Khalid
    636-644
    2023-03-31
    Abstract Views: 369
    PDF Downloads: 426
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)56

  • Legislative Performance of the Non-Partisan Legislature in Pakistan (1985-1988)

    Muhammad Waseem Akram, Amjad Abbas Khan
    645-653
    2023-03-31
    Abstract Views: 287
    PDF Downloads: 475
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)57

  • The Surge of Women Radicalization after 9/11: Unraveling Dynamics in Pakistan

    Abeera Haider, Dr. Saqib Khan Warraich
    654-663
    2023-03-31
    Abstract Views: 368
    PDF Downloads: 446
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)58

  • Investigation the impact of Modern Construction Method on Construction Project Management: Examining the integration of Modern Construction Methods for enduring Project Management Success

    Muhammad Atif Afzaal
    664-675
    2023-03-31
    Abstract Views: 639
    PDF Downloads: 727
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)59

  • The Politics of Collective Security in pursuit of Peace and Security

    Dr. Uzma Naz, Syed Husnain Haider, Gul i Ayesha Bhatti
    676-686
    2023-03-31
    Abstract Views: 307
    PDF Downloads: 1062
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)60

  • Gender Issues in Education: A Sociological Study on Pakistan's Reform Policy

    Muhbat Ali Shah, Moula Bux Naich, Naveed Hussain Sandeelo
    687-686
    2023-12-09
    Abstract Views: 629
    PDF Downloads: 640
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)61

  • Public Debt, Social Spending and Economic Growth: An Analysis for Developing Economies

    Faiz Ur Rahim, Syed Hassan Raza Naqvi, Madiha Asma
    697-706
    2023-03-31
    Abstract Views: 463
    PDF Downloads: 585
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)62

  • Freud is Finished: A Schizoanalysis of Sana Ullah in Sifr Se Aik Tak by Mirza Athar Baig

    Muhammad Riaz
    707-715
    2023-03-31
    Abstract Views: 217
    PDF Downloads: 289
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)63

  • Managing Uncertainty: The Impact of Emotional Competence on Work Performance and Job Security in the Private Sector

    Zainab Abdul Khaliq, Dr. Muqarrab Akbar, Saima Kaniz
    716-725
    2023-03-31
    Abstract Views: 291
    PDF Downloads: 246
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)64

  • Effectiveness of Climate Finance in CO2 Emissions Reduction: An Empirical Analysis

    Mehwish Zatoon, Abre-Rehmat Qurat-ul-Ann, Iqra Mushtaq
    726-737
    2023-03-31
    Abstract Views: 249
    PDF Downloads: 382
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)65

  • Examining the Operational Efficiency of Reverse Osmosis (RO) Plants in Tharparkar: A Comprehensive Assessment

    Jhaman Das Hirani, Dileep Sukhani
    738-749
    2023-03-31
    Abstract Views: 376
    PDF Downloads: 507
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)66

  • Portrayal of Trump in Pakistani Newspapers: A Comparative Study of Dawn, The Nation and The News

    Muhammad Mubashar Ikram, Dr. Zahid Yousaf, Dr. Faiza Bajwa
    750-759
    2023-03-31
    Abstract Views: 259
    PDF Downloads: 435
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)67

  • Evaluating the Effectiveness of Social Safety Nets: A Case Study of Pakistan’s Ehsaas Program and Poverty Alleviation

    Ali Haider Dogar
    760-770
    2023-03-31
    Abstract Views: 1446
    PDF Downloads: 2748
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)68

  • Impact of Literacy and Skill Trainings on Empowerment of Women: A Case Study of Naushahro Feroze

    Dr. Ali Gul Khushik, Dr. Mehwish Bhutto, Riaz Ahmed Agro
    771-785
    2023-03-31
    Abstract Views: 363
    PDF Downloads: 313
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)69

  • Cultural Tourism Management in Pakistan: Issues and Challenges

    Ayesha Waheed, Zulfiqar Ali Kalhoro
    786-799
    2023-03-31
    Abstract Views: 708
    PDF Downloads: 973
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)70

  • The Interplay between Social Anxiety, Online Social Networking Behaviors, and Perceived Quality of Offline Relationships in University Students

    Uzair Mustafa Sahu, Gulnaz Sarwar, Darain Skindar
    800-811
    2023-03-31
    Abstract Views: 223
    PDF Downloads: 1085
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)71

  • Perceptions of Students toward Technical and Vocational Education in Pakistan: A Case Study on Curriculum through Trainees' Eyes

    Dr. Rizwana Muneer, Syed Jaffer Shah, Aisha
    812-819
    2023-03-31
    Abstract Views: 373
    PDF Downloads: 351
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)72

  • Ending an Exploitative Regime: A Participatory Case Study on Impact of Social Media Use on Handicraft Artisans’ Autonomy

    Baila Aftab
    820-832
    2023-03-31
    Abstract Views: 72
    PDF Downloads: 61
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)73

  • Consanguine (Cross-Cousin) Marriages and Child Mortality in Pakistan: An Evolutionary Perspective

    Suneel Kumar, Asif Ali Sandeelo
    833-843
    2023-03-31
    Abstract Views: 56
    PDF Downloads: 546
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)74

  • Memory, Nostalgia, and Hybrid Identity Formation in the Novel: A Bhabhaian Analysis

    Asif Ali Mahar
    844-849
    2023-03-31
    Abstract Views: 24
    PDF Downloads: 14
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.47205/jdss.2023(4-I)75