Examining the Operational Efficiency of Reverse Osmosis (RO) Plants in Tharparkar: A Comprehensive Assessment

Abstract

This paper thoroughly examines water shortage problems and its coping mechanisms adopted in Tharparkar. The area is regarded as the most water deficit region where groundwater is the only major water source for drinking and domestic consumption. However, the quality of groundwater is not safe for drinking due to high concentrations of TDS and other chemicals contamination. This study used both qualitative and quantitative methodology for assessing the status of RO plants in Tharparkar. Field research is done through spot enquiry, lab testing of water samples and undertaking FGDs in selected communities and villages. The results reveal that 53% ROs are not functional, amongst them 35% are temporary and 65% are permanently closed. The O&M Cost and Technically expertise in handling these ROs are major issues. The study recommends adopting comprehensive strategies to revamp these ROs and shifting towards alternative water harvesting options to cope with water shortage in Tharparkar.