Addressing the use of RUTF in Mitigating Malnutrition among Children: A Narrative Review

Abstract

The global burden of malnutrition cause increase rate of mortality and proves to be a life-threatening disease among 6-to-59-month children. Severe acute malnutrition is more prevalent and have higher chances of nutrient deficiencies in children than chronic malnutrition that leads towards impaired immune, cognitive and neurological development. Standard indicators like Anthropometric measurements, MUAC and biochemical markers are used to diagnose SAM. This review utilized a narrative approach, synthesizing data from clinical trials, peer-reviewed articles (2000-2024), and national/international nutrition reports were employed in the narrative review. Sources included WHO, UNICEF and Pakistan's National Nutrition Survey. The diagnostic criteria of MUAC assessment that is <11.5cm, 11.5-12.5cm or >12.5cm, helps to indicate the referral to out-patient or in-patient. Findings indicate that effectiveness of RUTF was evaluated in reducing SAM, enhancing recovery time and decreasing the incidence of repeat incidents , with success varying from 70 to 90% depending on the level of adherence and context. RUTF can be employed to address SAM in children in community settings for short-term prevention. To maximize impact, RUTF programs should be incorporated with local food-based, and sustainable nutrition policies is necessary to address the broader impact of malnutrition in Pakistan. Active engagement of families, health care workers and provision of budget to low socio-economic community from National and Provisional level would enhance the diagnosis, treatment, prevalence rate and intervention of malnutrition.