Caste-based Discrimination and Untouchability-Lived Experiences of Dalit Christians in Pakistan

Abstract

Caste-based Discrimination and Untouchability-Lived Experiences of Dalit Christians in Pakistan
This study delves into caste-based discrimination against Christians who converted into Dalits to escape exploitation. The study explores the socio-economic and occupational constraints alongside the role of religion in molding caste dynamics among Dalit Christians in Lahore, Pakistan. Caste-based discrimination is a significant yet under-analyzed form of racism globally. Caste is not only about color, education and economic independence but comprises of much deeper social hierarchies. In Pakistan, Dalits conversion to Protestant Christianity is inherently linked with caste, leading to the association of Christianity with untouchables. Due to these conversions, Christianity is generally associated with Dalits. The theory of intersectionality is used to highlight caste, gender bias, religion and their role in generating segregation and discrimination. Data was collected from 25 participants using thematic analysis. The findings of the study revealed persistent untouchability and caste stereotyping. These lived experiences demonstrated their exclusion from mainstream society and engagement in degrading occupations. The findings highlight the marginalization of Dalits and give insights to government and NGOs to develop strategies to improve the socio economic conditions of Pakistan.